Wellbore Optimum Stability of Oil Well Drilled in a Highly Fractured Carbonate Reservoir Based on Dipole Sonic Analysis

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Ahwaz, Iran

Abstract

Wellbore stability is dominated by in-situ stress and geomechanical parameters of formation rocks, so estimating these parameters around the wellbore is important. The studied well is a suitable candidate for investigation of wellbore stability due to continuing directional drilling and planning for oriented perforation and hydraulic fracturing program from the wellbore and availability of dipole sonic, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), core image, and log data to optimize and estimate wellbore stability conditions. In this study, the rock permeability is derived from dipole sonic analysis to investigate the certainty of the model; these results are compared with NMR and special core analysis results. Then, based on these results, pore pressure, in-situ stress, rock mechanical properties, stress and fracture distributions, and anisotropy of formation are calculated and compared with Image log Results. Finally, the optimum mud weight to avoid wellbore failure can be estimated from all these data. As the final results, the maximum horizontal stress direction is N33E, and most open fractures are in this direction. The minimum horizontal stress direction is in N57W, and the safe and appropriate mud weight is between 6.5 and 7.5 ppg, which can be considered 7 ppg. This technique is based on dipole sonic analysis that can be applied to investigate wellbore stability in intervals with no core or image log analysis.

Keywords


  1. Coates, R., Kane, M., Chang, C., Esmersoy, C., Fukuhara, M., & Yamamoto, H. (2000, November). Single-well sonic imaging: High-definition reservoir cross-sections from horizontal wells. In SPE/CIM International Conference on Horizontal Well Technology. OnePetro, doi.org/10.2118/65457-MS.##
  2. McLellan, P. J., & Wang, Y. (1994, August). Predicting the effects of pore pressure penetration on the extent of wellbore instability: application of a versatile poro-elastoplastic model, In SPE/ISRM Rock Mechanics in Petroleum Engineering, SPE-28053, SPE, doi.org/10.2118/28053-MS. ##
  3. Aadnøy, B. S., & Hansen, A. K. (2005). Bounds on in-situ stress magnitudes improve wellbore stability analyses, SPE Journal, 10(02), 115-120, doi.org/10.2118/87223-PA . ##
  4. Ezati, M., Azizzadeh, M., Riahi, M. A., Fattahpour, V., & Honarmand, J. (2018). Characterization of micro-fractures in carbonate Sarvak reservoir, using petrophysical and geological data, SW Iran, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 170, 675-695, doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.06.058. ##
  5. Ahr, W. M. (2011). Geology of carbonate reservoirs: the identification, description and characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs in carbonate rocks, John Wiley & Sons. ##
  6. Alawi, R.H., Al-Jawad, M.S. (2021) Wellbore instability management using geomechanical modeling and wellbore stability analysis for Zubair shale formation in Southern Iraq, ournal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 11, 4047–4062, doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01279-y. ##
  7. Alford, R. M. (1986). Shear data in the presence of azimuthal anisotropy: Dilley, Texas. In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 476-479, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, doi.org/10.1190/1.1893036. ##
  8. Khoshbakht, F., Azizzadeh, M., Memarian, H., Nourozi, G. H., & Moallemi, S. A. (2012). Comparison of electrical image log with core in a fractured carbonate reservoir, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 86, 289-296, doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2012.03.007. ##
  9. Awal, M. R., Khan, M. S., Mohiuddin, M. A., Abdulraheem, A., & Azeemuddin, M. (2001). A new approach to borehole trajectory optimisation for increased hole stability, In SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, SPE-68092, doi.org/10.2118/68092-MS. ##
  10. Bagheri, H., Tanha, A. A., Doulati Ardejani, F., Heydari-Tajareh, M., & Larki, E. (2021). Geomechanical model and wellbore stability analysis utilizing acoustic impedance and reflection coefficient in a carbonate reservoir, Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 11, 3935-3961., doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01291-2. ##
  11. Biot, M. A. (1956). Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluidā€saturated porous solid. II. Higher frequency range, The Journal of the acoustical Society of america, 28(2), 179-191, doi.org/10.1121/1.1908241. ##
  12. Ma T., Huang J., Jia L., Liu Y., Qiu Y. & Zhang Y. (2020). Wellbore stability analysis for arbitrary inclined well in anisotropic formations, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 570 062032, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/570/6/062032. ##
  13. Bradley, W. B. (1978, October). Bore hole failure near salt domes, In SPE Annual Fall Technical Conference and Exhibition, OnePetro, doi.org/10.2118/7503-MS. ##
  14. Bradley, W. (1979) Bore Hole Failure Near Salt Domes, paper SPE 7503 presented at the 53th Annual Fall Technical conference and Exibition of the SPE of AIME, 1-3 October, Houston, Texas. doi.org/10.2118/7504-MS. ##
  15. Moos, D., Peska, P., Finkbeiner, T., & Zoback, M. (2003). Comprehensive wellbore stability analysis utilizing quantitative risk assessment, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 38(3-4), 97-109, doi.org/10.1016/S0920-4105(03)00024-X. ##
  16. Brie, A., Endo, T., Hoyle, D., Codazzi, D., Esmersoy, C., Hsu, K., & Sinha, B. (1998). New directions in sonic logging. Oilfield Review, 10(1), 40-55. ##
  17. Nguyen, V., Abousleiman, Y., Hoang, S. (2007). Analyses of wellbore instability in drilling through chemically active fractured rock formations: Nahr Umr Shale, SPE 105383 presented at the 15th SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference, 11-14 March, Bahrain International Exhibition Centre, Kingdom of Bahrein, doi.org/10.2118/105383-PA. ##
  18. Lee, H., Lee, S.G. & Doyle, P.S. (2015). Photo patterned oil-reservoir micromodels with tailored wetting properties, Lab a Chip 15 (14), 3047–3055, doi:10.1039/C5LC00277J. ##
  19. Liu, H., Cui, S., Meng, Y., Fan, Y., Liu, T., Yu, A., & Hu, Z. (2020). Wellbore stability evaluation method based on the continuous tangent envelope of a Mohr circle. Science Progress, 103(1), 0036850419888465, doi:10.1177/0036850419888465. ##
  20. Simangunsong, R. A., Villatoro, J. J., & Davis, A. K. (2006, September). Wellbore stability assessment for highly inclined wells using limited rock-mechanics data, In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition?, SPE-99644, doi.org/10.2118/99644-MS. ##
  21. McLean, M. R., & Addis, M. A. (1990). Wellbore stability analysis: a review of current methods of analysis and their field application, In SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition, SPE-19941, doi.org/10.2118/19941-MS. ##
  22. Morris, R. L., Grine, D. R., & Arkfeld, T. E. (1964). Using compressional and shear acoustic amplitudes for the location of fractures. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 16(06), 623-632, doi.org/10.2118/723-PA. ##
  23. Santarelli, F. J., Detienne, J. L., & Zundel, J. P. (1989, August). Determination of the mechanical properties of deep reservoir sandstones to assess the likelyhood of sand production, In ISRM International Symposium, Paper Number: ISRM-IS-1989-100. ##
  24. Schlumberger (1997) DSI Dipole Shear Sonic Imager: Corporate brochure SMP-9200, 36. ##
  25. Serra, O. (1989) Formation Micro Scanner Image Interpretation, Schlumberger Education Services. ##
  26. Sibson, R. H. (1996). Structural permeability of fluid-driven fault-fracture meshes, Journal of Structural geology, 18(8), 1031-1042, doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(96)00032-6. ##
  27. Thiercelin, M. J., & Plumb, R. A. (1994). Core-based prediction of lithologic stress contrasts in East Texas formations, SPE Formation Evaluation, 9(04), 251-258, doi.org/10.2118/21847-PA. ##
  28. Tranggono, H. (2019). Wellbore Collapse Failure Criteria and Drilling Optimization (Master’s thesis, University of Stavanger, Norway). ##
  29. Wang, S., Liao, G., Zhang, Z., & Wang, X. (2022). Study on wellbore stability evaluation method of new drilled well in old reservoir, Processes, 10(7), 1334, doi.org/10.3390/pr10071334. ##
  30. Zoback, M. D., Barton, C. A., Brudy, M., Castillo, D. A., Finkbeiner, T., Grollimund, B. R., & Wiprut, D. J. (2003). Determination of stress orientation and magnitude in deep wells, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 40(7-8), 1049-1076, doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2003.07.001. ##